Verbes irréguliers
Verbe | Prétérit | Participe passé | Traduction |
---|---|---|---|
abide | abode/abided | abode/abided | demeurer |
arise | arose | arisen | surgir |
awake | awoke | awoken | se réveiller |
be | was/were | been | être |
bear | bore | borne/born | porter/supporter |
become | became | become | devenir |
begin | began | begun | commencer |
bet | bet | bet | parier |
bid | bid/bade | bid/bidden | offrir |
bite | bit | bitten | mordre |
blow | blew | blown | souffler |
break | broke | broken | casser |
bring | brought | brought | apporter |
broadcast | broadcast | broadcast | diffuser |
build | built | built | construire |
burst | burst | burst | éclater |
buy | bought | bought | acheter |
catch | caught | caught | attraper |
choose | chose | chosen | choisir |
cling | clung | clung | s'accrocher |
come | came | come | venir |
creep | crept | crept | ramper |
deal | dealt | dealt | traiter |
dig | dug | dug | creuser |
do | did | done | faire |
draw | drew | drawn | dessiner/tirer |
drink | drank | drunk | boire |
drive | drove | driven | conduire |
dwell | dwelt | dwelt | habiter |
eat | ate | eaten | manger |
fall | fell | fallen | tomber |
feed | fed | fed | nourrir |
feel | felt | felt | sentir |
find | found | found | trouver |
flee | fled | fled | fuir |
fly | flew | flown | voler (dans les airs) |
forbid | forbade/forbid | forbidden | interdire |
forget | forgot | forgotten | oublier |
forgive | forgave | forgiven | pardonner |
freeze | froze | frozen | geler |
get | got | got/gotten | obtenir |
give | gave | given | donner |
go | went | gone | aller |
grind | ground | ground | moudre |
grow | grew | grown | grandir |
hang | hung | hung | accrocher |
have | had | had | avoir |
hear | heard | heard | entendre |
hide | hid | hidden | cacher |
hit | hit | hit | frapper |
hold | held | held | tenir |
hurt | hurt | hurt | blesser/faire mal |
keep | kept | kept | garder |
kneel | knelt | knelt | s'agenouiller |
knit | knit | knit | tricoter |
know | knew | known | savoir/connaître |
lay | laid | laid | poser/coucher |
lead | led | led | conduire/mener |
leap | leapt/leaped | leapt/leaped | sauter |
leave | left | left | quitter |
lend | lent | lent | prêter |
let | let | let | laisser/permettre |
lie | lay | lain | être couché |
light | lit | lit | allumer |
lose | lost | lost | perdre |
make | made | made | faire/fabriquer |
mean | meant | meant | signifier |
meet | met | met | rencontrer |
pay | paid | paid | payer |
prove | proved | proved/proven | prouver |
put | put | put | mettre |
quit | quit | quit | quitter |
read | read | read | lire |
ride | rode | ridden | monter (à cheval, à vélo, etc.) |
ring | rang | rung | sonner |
rise | rose | risen | se lever |
run | ran | run | courir |
saw | sawed | sawn/sawed | scier |
say | said | said | dire |
see | saw | seen | voir |
seek | sought | sought | chercher |
sell | sold | sold | vendre |
send | sent | sent | envoyer |
set | set | set | placer, fixer |
sew | sewed | sewn/sewed | coudre |
shake | shook | shaken | secouer |
shed | shed | shed | répandre |
shine | shone | shone | briller |
shoot | shot | shot | tirer (avec une arme) |
show | showed | shown | montrer |
shrink | shrank/shrunk | shrunk | rétrécir |
shut | shut | shut | fermer |
sing | sang | sung | chanter |
sink | sank/sunk | sunk | couler |
sit | sat | sat | être assis |
sleep | slept | slept | dormir |
slide | slid | slid | glisser |
smell | smelt | smelt | sentir (odeur) |
sow | sowed | sown | semer |
speak | spoke | spoken | parler |
speed | sped | sped | accélérer |
spell | spelt | spelt | épeler |
spend | spent | spent | dépenser |
spin | spun | spun | tourner |
spit | spat | spat | cracher |
split | split | split | fendre/diviser |
spoil | spoilt | spoilt | gâcher |
spread | spread | spread | étendre |
stand | stood | stood | être debout |
steal | stole | stolen | voler (dérober) |
stick | stuck | stuck | coller |
sweep | swept | swept | balayer |
swell | swelled | swollen | gonfler |
swim | swam | swum | nager |
swing | swung | swung | balancer |
take | took | taken | prendre |
teach | taught | taught | enseigner |
tear | tore | torn | déchirer |
tell | told | told | dire/raconter |
think | thought | thought | penser |
thrive | throve/thrived | thriven/thrived | prospérer |
throw | threw | thrown | jeter |
understand | understood | understood | comprendre |
upset | upset | upset | bouleverser |
wake | woke | woken | réveiller |
wear | wore | worn | porter (des vêtements) |
weep | wept | wept | pleurer |
win | won | won | gagner |
write | wrote | written | écrire |
- Pour les verbes réguliers, le prétérit est formé en ajoutant -ed à la fin du verbe.
Exemples :
walk (marcher) => walked (marché)
talk (parler) => talked (parlé)
listen (écouter) => listened (écouté)
- Le participe passé des verbes réguliers est également formé en ajoutant -ed à la fin du verbe.
Exemples :
walk (marcher) => walked (marché)
talk (parler) => talked (parlé)
listen (écouter) => listened (écouté)
- Pour les verbes irréguliers, la conjugaison au prétérit et au participe passé est mémorisée car elle ne suit pas de règle particulière.
Exemples :
go (aller) => went (allé) => gone (allé)
eat (manger) => ate (mangé) => eaten (mangé)
see (voir) => saw (vu) => seen (vu)
- Le prétérit est utilisé pour décrire une action passée qui a été complétée à un moment spécifique dans le passé.
Exemples :
I watched TV last night. (J’ai regardé la télévision hier soir)
She went to the store this morning. (Elle est allée au magasin ce matin)
- Le participe passé est utilisé avec les verbes réguliers pour former le passé composé et avec les verbes irréguliers pour former le passé simple et le passé composé.
Exemples :
I have visited London three times. (J’ai visité Londres trois fois)
He wrote a book about his travels. (Il a écrit un livre sur ses voyages)
She had never seen the ocean before. (Elle n’avait jamais vu l’océan auparavant)
- Le participe passé est également utilisé pour former les temps composés et les voix passives en anglais.
Exemples :
The report has been completed. (Le rapport a été terminé)
The cake was baked by my sister. (Le gâteau a été cuit par ma sœur)
Exercice
D’autres leçons de grammaire…
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