Verbes irréguliers
| Verbe | Prétérit | Participe passé | Traduction |
|---|---|---|---|
| abide | abode/abided | abode/abided | demeurer |
| arise | arose | arisen | surgir |
| awake | awoke | awoken | se réveiller |
| be | was/were | been | être |
| bear | bore | borne/born | porter/supporter |
| become | became | become | devenir |
| begin | began | begun | commencer |
| bet | bet | bet | parier |
| bid | bid/bade | bid/bidden | offrir |
| bite | bit | bitten | mordre |
| blow | blew | blown | souffler |
| break | broke | broken | casser |
| bring | brought | brought | apporter |
| broadcast | broadcast | broadcast | diffuser |
| build | built | built | construire |
| burst | burst | burst | éclater |
| buy | bought | bought | acheter |
| catch | caught | caught | attraper |
| choose | chose | chosen | choisir |
| cling | clung | clung | s'accrocher |
| come | came | come | venir |
| creep | crept | crept | ramper |
| deal | dealt | dealt | traiter |
| dig | dug | dug | creuser |
| do | did | done | faire |
| draw | drew | drawn | dessiner/tirer |
| drink | drank | drunk | boire |
| drive | drove | driven | conduire |
| dwell | dwelt | dwelt | habiter |
| eat | ate | eaten | manger |
| fall | fell | fallen | tomber |
| feed | fed | fed | nourrir |
| feel | felt | felt | sentir |
| find | found | found | trouver |
| flee | fled | fled | fuir |
| fly | flew | flown | voler (dans les airs) |
| forbid | forbade/forbid | forbidden | interdire |
| forget | forgot | forgotten | oublier |
| forgive | forgave | forgiven | pardonner |
| freeze | froze | frozen | geler |
| get | got | got/gotten | obtenir |
| give | gave | given | donner |
| go | went | gone | aller |
| grind | ground | ground | moudre |
| grow | grew | grown | grandir |
| hang | hung | hung | accrocher |
| have | had | had | avoir |
| hear | heard | heard | entendre |
| hide | hid | hidden | cacher |
| hit | hit | hit | frapper |
| hold | held | held | tenir |
| hurt | hurt | hurt | blesser/faire mal |
| keep | kept | kept | garder |
| kneel | knelt | knelt | s'agenouiller |
| knit | knit | knit | tricoter |
| know | knew | known | savoir/connaître |
| lay | laid | laid | poser/coucher |
| lead | led | led | conduire/mener |
| leap | leapt/leaped | leapt/leaped | sauter |
| leave | left | left | quitter |
| lend | lent | lent | prêter |
| let | let | let | laisser/permettre |
| lie | lay | lain | être couché |
| light | lit | lit | allumer |
| lose | lost | lost | perdre |
| make | made | made | faire/fabriquer |
| mean | meant | meant | signifier |
| meet | met | met | rencontrer |
| pay | paid | paid | payer |
| prove | proved | proved/proven | prouver |
| put | put | put | mettre |
| quit | quit | quit | quitter |
| read | read | read | lire |
| ride | rode | ridden | monter (à cheval, à vélo, etc.) |
| ring | rang | rung | sonner |
| rise | rose | risen | se lever |
| run | ran | run | courir |
| saw | sawed | sawn/sawed | scier |
| say | said | said | dire |
| see | saw | seen | voir |
| seek | sought | sought | chercher |
| sell | sold | sold | vendre |
| send | sent | sent | envoyer |
| set | set | set | placer, fixer |
| sew | sewed | sewn/sewed | coudre |
| shake | shook | shaken | secouer |
| shed | shed | shed | répandre |
| shine | shone | shone | briller |
| shoot | shot | shot | tirer (avec une arme) |
| show | showed | shown | montrer |
| shrink | shrank/shrunk | shrunk | rétrécir |
| shut | shut | shut | fermer |
| sing | sang | sung | chanter |
| sink | sank/sunk | sunk | couler |
| sit | sat | sat | être assis |
| sleep | slept | slept | dormir |
| slide | slid | slid | glisser |
| smell | smelt | smelt | sentir (odeur) |
| sow | sowed | sown | semer |
| speak | spoke | spoken | parler |
| speed | sped | sped | accélérer |
| spell | spelt | spelt | épeler |
| spend | spent | spent | dépenser |
| spin | spun | spun | tourner |
| spit | spat | spat | cracher |
| split | split | split | fendre/diviser |
| spoil | spoilt | spoilt | gâcher |
| spread | spread | spread | étendre |
| stand | stood | stood | être debout |
| steal | stole | stolen | voler (dérober) |
| stick | stuck | stuck | coller |
| sweep | swept | swept | balayer |
| swell | swelled | swollen | gonfler |
| swim | swam | swum | nager |
| swing | swung | swung | balancer |
| take | took | taken | prendre |
| teach | taught | taught | enseigner |
| tear | tore | torn | déchirer |
| tell | told | told | dire/raconter |
| think | thought | thought | penser |
| thrive | throve/thrived | thriven/thrived | prospérer |
| throw | threw | thrown | jeter |
| understand | understood | understood | comprendre |
| upset | upset | upset | bouleverser |
| wake | woke | woken | réveiller |
| wear | wore | worn | porter (des vêtements) |
| weep | wept | wept | pleurer |
| win | won | won | gagner |
| write | wrote | written | écrire |
- Pour les verbes réguliers, le prétérit est formé en ajoutant -ed à la fin du verbe.
Exemples :
walk (marcher) => walked (marché)
talk (parler) => talked (parlé)
listen (écouter) => listened (écouté)
- Le participe passé des verbes réguliers est également formé en ajoutant -ed à la fin du verbe.
Exemples :
walk (marcher) => walked (marché)
talk (parler) => talked (parlé)
listen (écouter) => listened (écouté)
- Pour les verbes irréguliers, la conjugaison au prétérit et au participe passé est mémorisée car elle ne suit pas de règle particulière.
Exemples :
go (aller) => went (allé) => gone (allé)
eat (manger) => ate (mangé) => eaten (mangé)
see (voir) => saw (vu) => seen (vu)
- Le prétérit est utilisé pour décrire une action passée qui a été complétée à un moment spécifique dans le passé.
Exemples :
I watched TV last night. (J’ai regardé la télévision hier soir)
She went to the store this morning. (Elle est allée au magasin ce matin)
- Le participe passé est utilisé avec les verbes réguliers pour former le passé composé et avec les verbes irréguliers pour former le passé simple et le passé composé.
Exemples :
I have visited London three times. (J’ai visité Londres trois fois)
He wrote a book about his travels. (Il a écrit un livre sur ses voyages)
She had never seen the ocean before. (Elle n’avait jamais vu l’océan auparavant)
- Le participe passé est également utilisé pour former les temps composés et les voix passives en anglais.
Exemples :
The report has been completed. (Le rapport a été terminé)
The cake was baked by my sister. (Le gâteau a été cuit par ma sœur)
Exercice
D’autres leçons de grammaire…
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